Correct option is C
Sol. Giardia lamblia primarily spreads through the ingestion of contaminated water or food containing Giardia cysts. This protozoan parasite causes giardiasis, an intestinal infection characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, bloating, and nausea. It is commonly transmitted via contaminated drinking water, unwashed produce, or poor sanitation and hygiene practices.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Through sexual contact – Incorrect. Giardia lamblia is not a sexually transmitted infection (STI); it spreads via the fecal-oral route through contaminated water or food.
· (b) Through air – Incorrect. Giardia lamblia is not airborne; it requires ingestion through food or water.
· (c) Ingestion of contaminated water or food – Correct answer. Giardia lamblia spreads primarily through contaminated drinking water, food, or direct contact with infected individuals.
· (d) By vectors like mosquitoes – Incorrect. Mosquitoes do not transmit Giardia; it spreads through waterborne and foodborne contamination.