Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy is caused by

Correct option is D

Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) is a hallmark feature of early HIV infection, caused by immune system activation and viral replication within lymphoid tissues. Explanation of each option: • (a) HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus) – Typically causes localized lesions and lymphadenopathy near the infection site, not generalized or persistent. • (b) HZV (Herpes Zoster Virus) – Causes shingles with localized dermatomal rashes; may cause regional lymphadenopathy, but not generalized. • (c) HAV (Hepatitis A Virus) – Causes acute hepatitis; lymphadenopathy is rare and not persistent. • (d) HIV – Correct. PGL is a classic early sign of HIV, especially in cervical, axillary, and inguinal nodes, lasting more than 3 months.