What is the primary function of ‘viharas’ in Buddhist architecture?

Correct option is B

Correct option : (b),  To serve as residential places for Buddhist priests.

The primary function of viharas in Buddhist architecture is to serve as residential complexes for monks and nuns, as well as spaces for meditation, study, and community gatherings.

Information Booster: 

Key Functions of Viharas:

• ​Monastic Residence: Viharas were primarily designed as living quarters for Buddhist monks and nuns. They provided shelter and a place for monks to follow their monastic lifestyle, including daily routines such as meditation, prayer, and study.
  
• Meditation and Spiritual Practice: These structures often included meditation halls and areas conducive to quiet reflection and spiritual practice, which are central to Buddhist monastic life.
  
• Teaching and Study: Viharas were also centers of learning, where monks would study Buddhist scriptures, engage in philosophical discussions, and teach lay followers about Buddhism.
  
• Community Gathering and Rituals: Viharas acted as venues for community rituals, such as public sermons, festivals, and other religious ceremonies. These rituals helped foster a sense of community among monks, nuns, and lay Buddhists.
  
• Pilgrimage Sites: In some cases, viharas were located near significant Buddhist sites, making them important places for pilgrimages, allowing followers to visit and engage in religious practices.
  

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