What is the main cause of death in tetanus?

Correct option is C

Sol. The main cause of death in tetanus is dehydration resulting from severe muscle spasms and autonomic dysfunction. Tetanus causes prolonged muscle contractions and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), leading to an inability to take fluids or food. Additionally, excessive sweating due to autonomic disturbances can worsen fluid loss, increasing the risk of severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and organ failure.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Vomiting – While tetanus can cause nausea and vomiting due to autonomic dysfunction, vomiting itself is not the primary cause of death. The main life-threatening issues arise from dehydration and respiratory complications.
· (b) Chest pain – Patients may experience chest muscle spasms, but chest pain alone is not the leading cause of death in tetanus. The fatal complications are dehydration and respiratory failure.
· (c) Dehydration – Correct answer. Tetanus leads to dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) and prolonged muscle contractions, preventing the intake of food and fluids. Combined with excessive sweating, this results in severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and multi-organ failure, which can be fatal if not managed promptly.
· (d) Stiffness – While stiffness (muscle rigidity) is a hallmark symptom of tetanus, it is not the direct cause of death. Instead, the complications arising from dehydration, metabolic disturbances, and systemic failure contribute more significantly to mortality.