Correct option is D
Biogas is a renewable energy source primarily composed of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂), with smaller amounts of other gases. The typical composition of biogas by volume is as follows:
1.
Methane (CH₄): Methane is the most abundant component of biogas, typically comprising around 50-70% of the total volume. It is the primary energy source in biogas, giving it fuel value for use in heating, cooking, and electricity generation.
2.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂): CO₂ is the second most abundant component, making up about 25-45% of biogas. While it does not contribute to the energy content, it is a natural by-product of the anaerobic digestion process and affects the overall composition of biogas.
3.
Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S): Present in trace amounts (0.1-1%), hydrogen sulfide gives biogas its characteristic smell and is considered a contaminant due to its corrosive and toxic properties. H₂S must be removed or reduced during biogas processing to prevent damage to equipment.
4.
Ammonia (NH₃): Ammonia is found in very small amounts, usually less than 1%. Its presence is often due to the nitrogen content in the feedstock used in biogas production.
Thus, the correct sequence of the components in terms of their abundance is
Methane (CH₄) > Carbon dioxide (CO₂) > Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) > Ammonia (NH₃).
Information Booster Biogas is produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic materials such as agricultural waste, manure, and municipal waste. The high methane content makes biogas a valuable renewable fuel, as methane combustion releases energy. Carbon dioxide, while not contributing to the energy yield, is a natural by-product of the digestion process. To make biogas more efficient and to minimize equipment corrosion, H₂S and NH₃ are often removed during purification stages.
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