What do you understand by ‘dual citizenship’ as in the case of the US?

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) Citizenship of a country along with that of a constituent State, where one resides/born.
 In the United States, the concept of dual citizenship is understood as being a citizen of both the country (United States) and the constituent state (e.g., California, Texas) where one resides or was born. This dual citizenship provides the individual with rights and responsibilities at both the federal and state levels.
Information Booster:
 Indian Perspective:
o Single Citizenship: India follows a single citizenship principle, meaning every Indian citizen holds citizenship of the country as a whole, not of individual states.
o Constitutional Provision: Article 5 to Article 11 of the Indian Constitution deals with citizenship.
o Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI): India does not allow dual citizenship, but it offers the Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI) scheme, which allows foreign citizens of Indian origin to live and work in India indefinitely without full Indian citizenship rights.
o Rights and Privileges: OCI holders do not have the right to vote, run for political office, or hold government jobs. They enjoy certain economic and educational benefits but are not considered full citizens.
o Comparison with the US: Unlike the US, which allows dual nationality and federal-state citizenship, India maintains a single citizenship framework to maintain national unity and integrity.