Vitamin A solution protects children against–

Correct option is C

Sol. Vitamin A supplementation is essential for preventing xerophthalmia, a condition caused by vitamin A deficiency that leads to dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea, and may progress to night blindness or total blindness. It is a major public health concern in children under 5 years in many developing countries. National health programs routinely distribute Vitamin A to children to prevent visual impairment and boost immunity.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Myopia – Incorrect. Myopia (nearsightedness) is a refractive error, not caused by vitamin deficiency, and is usually corrected with glasses.
· (b) Hypermetropia – Incorrect. Also a refractive error (farsightedness), unrelated to vitamin A levels or nutritional deficiencies.
· (c) Xerophthalmia – Correct. This is a preventable eye condition caused by vitamin A deficiency, leading to blindness if untreated.
· (d) Cretinism – Incorrect. Cretinism is caused by iodine deficiency during pregnancy and affects physical and mental development, not linked to vitamin A.