To practice transhumance people have often lived in__________.

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (c) temporary settlements.
Transhumance is a seasonal movement of people and animals to different pastures. People who practice transhumance typically live in temporary settlements, such as yurts or tents, that can be easily moved from place to place. This allows them to follow their herds as they graze on different pastures throughout the year.
Cities and permanent settlements are not typically associated with transhumance, as they are not easily moved. People who live in these types of settlements typically have a more sedentary lifestyle and do not rely on the movement of animals for their livelihood.
Living in the open without shelter would not be a practical or sustainable way of life for people who practice transhumance. They need to have some form of protection from the elements, such as tents or yurts, in order to survive. Therefore, the most accurate statement is that people who practice transhumance typically live in temporary settlements that can be easily moved from place to place.