To know the nature and characteristics of error took place by students while solving the problems of Mathematics is known as -

Correct option is B

Detailed examination of the elements or structure of something is known as analysis whereas the combination of elements or components of something is known as synthesis.
Here in this question, the analysis of error is being done –
 To know the nature and characteristics of error took place by students while solving the problems of Mathematics.
 It is important to examine about the error and is known as Error analysis in Mathematics because of this analyses the problem and root of the occurrence of the error.
Hence, We can understand that to know the nature and characteristics of error took place by students while solving the problems of Mathematics is known as Error analysis in Mathematics.