The techniques used to handle the phantom problem are ________.
A. Time stamping
B. Index locking
C. Predicate locking
D. Execution indexing
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is B

The phantom problem arises when a transaction reads a set of records that satisfy a condition, but another transaction inserts or deletes records that affect the result set. Techniques like index locking and predicate locking are used to handle this problem. Index locking locks index entries to prevent changes, and predicate locking locks predicates (conditions) to ensure consistency of the result set during the transaction.