The potential drop across the 4 Ω resistor in the given circuit is:

Correct option is A

To determine the potential drop across the 4 Ω resistor in the given series circuit, let's analyze it step-by-step.

1. Identify Total Resistance: Since the 4 Ω and 6 Ω resistors are in series, their total resistance RtotalR_{total}Rtotal​ is:

   Rtotal=4Ω+6Ω=10ΩR_{total} = 4 \, \Omega + 6 \, \Omega = 10 \, \OmegaRtotal​=4Ω+6Ω=10Ω

2. Calculate Total Current: Using Ohm's Law $V=I\times R$, we can find the total current $I$ in the circuit. Given that the total voltage VtotalV_{total}Vtotal from the battery is 5V:

   I=Vtotal/Rtotal=5/10=0.5A​

3. Find Potential Drop Across 4 Ω Resistor: The voltage drop $V$ across the 4 Ω resistor can be calculated using Ohm's Law:

   $$V=I\times R=0.5\text{A}\times 4\Omega =2\text{V}$$

Thus, the potential drop across the 4 Ω resistor is 2V.

Answer

The correct answer is (a) 2V.

Information Booster:

● In a series circuit, the current is constant across all components.
● The potential drop across each resistor in a series circuit depends on its resistance.
● Ohm's Law, $V=I\times R$, is essential for calculating voltage drops.
● Series resistance adds up linearly, simplifying total resistance calculation.
● Understanding potential drops is crucial for analyzing energy distribution in circuits.