The most effective way of sterilizing all glassware is -

Correct option is C

Ans. (c) Hot air oven
Explanation:
The hot air oven is the most effective method for sterilizing glassware because it uses dry heat, which is ideal for materials that can withstand high temperatures without damage.
Why is a Hot Air Oven the Best for Glassware?
· Uses dry heat (160-180°C for 1-2 hours) to kill bacteria, spores, and viruses.
· Prevents moisture condensation, which is important for glass items.
· Does not corrode or damage metal, glass, or ceramic materials.
Why are the other options incorrect?
1. Irradiation → (Incorrect Choice)
· Used for disposable medical items (e.g., syringes, surgical gloves), but not for glassware.
· Uses gamma rays or UV radiation, which cannot penetrate glass effectively.
2. Autoclave → (Incorrect Choice)
· Uses steam at high pressure (121°C for 15-20 minutes).
· Best for sterilizing surgical instruments, media, and fabrics but not ideal for dry glassware as moisture may leave residues.
3. Glutaraldehyde → (Incorrect Choice)
· A chemical disinfectant, not a true sterilization method.
· Used for heat-sensitive instruments (endoscopes, catheters) but not suitable for glassware.
Conclusion:
Since the hot air oven is the most effective and safest method for sterilizing glassware, the correct answer is:
✅ (c) Hot air oven.