The main approach of Educational Management is :

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) All of the above, as Educational Management incorporates a multi-dimensional approach to planning, organizing, and supervising educational processes. It aims to achieve Social Justice by ensuring equitable access and inclusivity, Social Demand by responding to the changing needs and expectations of society for education, and Manpower Development by equipping learners with the skills and knowledge required to contribute to the nation’s economic growth and development. Therefore, educational management is not confined to a singular objective but integrates various societal, developmental, and economic goals to promote holistic and sustainable educational progress.

Information Booster

1. Social Justice:
   Educational management ensures equity and inclusivity, providing marginalized groups equal access to quality education and opportunities for advancement.
2. Social Demand:
   Education systems must respond to societal needs, such as literacy, civic responsibility, and adapting to technological change, making social demand a key concern.
3. Manpower Development:
   Aligns educational outcomes with economic and employment goals, preparing skilled individuals for various sectors of the economy.
4. Policy Formulation:
   Educational management plays a role in shaping educational policies that reflect all three approaches to guide national educational priorities.
5. Sustainable Development:
   By balancing equity, societal relevance, and economic productivity, educational management supports the broader goals of sustainable development and nation-building.

Additional Information

• (a) Social Justice:
  Alone, this approach emphasizes equity in education, such as providing opportunities for disadvantaged groups, but does not address the economic or societal demand dimensions of education.
• (b) Social Demand:
  Focuses on expanding educational infrastructure to meet rising demands (e.g., literacy, digital skills), but without social justice and manpower development, can widen inequalities or produce irrelevant outcomes.
• (c) Manpower Development:
  Important for linking education with employability and national growth, but if pursued in isolation, may neglect values of equity or societal needs.