The different states of consciousness like wakefulness, dream, deep sleep as well as extraordinary state (turiya avastha) are described in:

Correct option is A

• The Mandukya Upanishad provides a detailed description of the four states of consciousness

Information Booster:

• The Mandukya Upanishad highlights the journey toward spiritual enlightenment by understanding states of consciousness:
1. Jagrat (Wakefulness): Conscious interaction with the external world.
2. Swapna (Dream): A state where the mind creates a reality independent of the physical world.
3. Sushupti (Deep Sleep): A state of restful unconsciousness where there is no awareness of self or the external world.
4. Turiya (The Fourth State): A transcendental state of pure awareness and absolute consciousness beyond the first three states.

Additional Information:

1. Katha Upanishad:
• Origin: Belongs to the Krishna Yajurveda.
• Main Content: Explores the nature of the soul (atman) and life after death through a dialogue between Nachiketa (a young seeker) and Yama (the god of death).
• Themes include spiritual knowledge, the path to liberation (moksha), and self-realization.
2. Svetasvatara Upanishad:
• Origin: Associated with the Krishna Yajurveda.
• Main Content: Examines the relationship between the soul (atman), the supreme reality (Brahman), and the material world.
• It discusses meditation, yoga, and devotion as means to realize the ultimate truth and emphasizes the unity of existence.
3. Mimamsa (Philosophical School):
• Origin: Mimamsa is not an Upanishad but a school of Indian philosophy based on the Vedas.
• Main Content: Focuses on rituals (karma) and their interpretation to achieve worldly benefits and maintain cosmic order.
• It emphasizes the authority of the Vedas and ritualistic action over spiritual realization.
4. Mandukya Upanishad:
• Origin: Part of the Atharvaveda.
• Main Content: Discusses the four states of consciousness:
1. Wakefulness (Jagrat)
2. Dream (Swapna)
3. Deep Sleep (Sushupti)
4. The Fourth State (Turiya), which represents pure awareness and transcendence.
• It emphasizes AUM (Om) as the essence of the universe and a path to spiritual awakening.