The Begumpuri mosque was built during the reign of Sultan __________.

Correct option is C

Correct Answer: (c) Muhammad Bin Tughluq
Explanation: The Begumpuri Mosque, located in Jahanpanah (Delhi), was constructed during the reign of Sultan Muhammad Bin Tughluq of the Tughlaq Dynasty. This mosque was part of Muhammad Bin Tughluq's ambitious urbanization project, where he established Jahanpanah as the fourth city of Delhi.
The mosque is one of the largest and most well-preserved mosques of the Tughlaq period. Its architecture is notable for its simplicity, strength, and grandeur, characteristic of Tughlaq architecture. The mosque was designed to serve as a central place for congregational prayers in the city of Jahanpanah.
Key Facts about Muhammad bin Tughlaq:
· Ambitious Reforms and Projects: Muhammad bin Tughlaq was known for his ambitious but poorly executed reforms, such as the shifting of the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad (Deogiri) and the introduction of token currency made of brass and copper.
· Transfer of Capital: In 1327, he ordered the transfer of the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad to ensure better control over the Deccan region. However, the move failed due to logistical challenges, lack of water resources in Daulatabad, and public dissent.
· Introduction of Token Currency: He introduced token currency in the form of brass and copper coins, which were meant to circulate alongside gold and silver. However, this policy failed as people started minting counterfeit coins, leading to financial chaos.
· Agrarian Experiments: Muhammad bin Tughlaq introduced heavy taxation in the fertile Ganga-Yamuna Doab region to increase revenue. This, coupled with a severe famine, caused widespread discontent among farmers and led to mass revolts.
· Intellectual and Religious Leanings: He was a well-read ruler with interests in philosophy, mathematics, and astronomy. Despite being a devout Muslim, he showed tolerance towards other religions and included non-Muslims in his administration.
Additional Fact: Muhammad bin Tughlaq ruled from 1325 to 1351 and was known for his unpredictable policies, earning him a reputation for being both a visionary and an impractical ruler. His reign marked the beginning of the decline of the Tughlaq dynasty.