Sequentially arrange the following steps of item analysis:
A. Separate answer sheets into upper, lower and middle groups.
B. Record No. of frequencies in upper and lower groups.
C. Calculate Index of difficulty.
D. Score the tests
E. Arrange answer sheets from high to low scores.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is D

Item analysis is a process used to evaluate the quality of individual test items. It typically includes assessing the item's difficulty and discrimination to ensure its effectiveness. The correct sequential order is as follows:
1. Score the tests (D): The first step is to evaluate the tests and assign scores to each answer sheet.
2. Arrange answer sheets from high to low scores (E): Next, the answer sheets are ordered based on total scores to identify performance groups.
3. Separate answer sheets into upper, lower, and middle groups (A): Divide the answer sheets into these groups, typically using the top and bottom 27% of scores for analysis, leaving the middle group aside.
4. Record the number of frequencies in upper and lower groups (B): For each item, count the number of correct responses in the upper and lower groups.
5. Calculate Index of Difficulty (C): Finally, compute the difficulty index for each item to determine how challenging it is for the participants.
Correct Order: D → E → A → B → C Correct Answer: (d)
Information Booster 1. Index of Difficulty: Measures how many participants answered an item correctly. A balanced test includes items with varied difficulty levels.
· Formula: P=Number of correct responsesTotal responsesP = \frac{\text{Number of correct responses}}{\text{Total responses}}P=Total responsesNumber of correct responses​
· Values range from 0 (very difficult) to 1 (very easy).
2. Discrimination Index: Indicates how well an item distinguishes between high-performing and low-performing participants.
3. Item analysis ensures that test items effectively assess the intended learning outcomes and improve test reliability.