_______ President Abdel Aziz Bouteflika has resigned in April 2019, succumbing to public pressure.

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Algeria

Explanation:

• Abdelaziz Bouteflika served as the President of Algeria for 20 years, from 1999 until his resignation in April 2019.

• His resignation followed months of massive, peaceful protests known as the Hirak Movement, which began after he announced his intention to seek a fifth term in office.

• Bouteflika was a veteran of the Algerian War of Independence and served as the country's youngest Foreign Minister before becoming President.

• The Algerian military, led by the late General Ahmed Gaid Salah, ultimately withdrew its support for Bouteflika, leading to his formal resignation on April 2, 2019.

• This political transition is often cited in Contemporary World Politics (similar to NCERT Class 12 themes) as a significant event in North African "People Power" movements.

Information Booster:

• Following his resignation, Abdelaziz Bouteflika remained out of the public eye until his death in September 2021 at the age of 84.

• After a period of interim government, Abdelmadjid Tebboune was elected as the new President of Algeria in December 2019.

Additional Knowledge:Sudan (Option a)

• In April 2019, Sudan also saw the removal of its long-time leader, Omar al-Bashir, following widespread protests.

• Unlike Bouteflika's formal resignation, al-Bashir was ousted in a military coup.

• Sudan has since faced significant political instability and internal conflict.

Libya (Option b)

• Libya's long-time leader was Muammar Gaddafi, who was overthrown and killed during the 2011 Arab Spring.

• Since 2011, Libya has struggled with civil war and the presence of rival governments in Tripoli and Tobruk.

Chad (Option c)

• Chad was led by Idriss Déby from 1990 until his death in 2021 while visiting troops on the front lines against rebels.

• After his death, his son, Mahamat Idriss Déby, took over as the head of a Transitional Military Council.