✅ (c) Oxidation: • Nitrification involves oxidation of ammonium (NH₄⁺) to nitrate (NO₃⁻) by nitrifying bacteria. • Two steps:
·
Nitrosomonas converts NH₄⁺ → NO₂⁻
·
Nitrobacter converts NO₂⁻ → NO₃⁻ • It’s a biological oxidation process in the nitrogen cycle.
❌ (a) Reduction: • Opposite of oxidation; involved in denitrification.
❌ (b) Hydrolysis: • Involves water splitting; not relevant here.
❌ (d) None of these: • Incorrect, as oxidation is correct.
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