The common table sugar is

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (C) Sucrose

Explanation:
• Sucrose is the chemical name for common table sugar. It is a disaccharide made up of two monosaccharides: one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose.
• It is found naturally in plants, with sugarcane and sugar beet having particularly high concentrations, from which it is commercially extracted.
• In the human body, the enzyme sucrase breaks it back down into glucose and fructose for energy.
• Unlike glucose, which is a reducing sugar, sucrose is a non-reducing sugar because its functional groups are involved in the glycosidic bond.

Information Booster:
• Sugar industry in India is the second-largest agro-based industry after textiles.
• Molasses, a byproduct of sucrose extraction, is used for ethanol production.
• Brown sugar is sucrose with some molasses retained for flavor.

Additional Knowledge:
• Glucose (Option A): A monosaccharide; also known as grape sugar or blood sugar.
• Fructose (Option B): A monosaccharide; known as fruit sugar and is the sweetest of all natural sugars.
• Maltose (Option D): A disaccharide composed of two glucose units; commonly known as malt sugar.