Nataraja represents the dancing figure of which Hindu deity?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Shiva

Explanation:

Nataraja is a famous representation of the Hindu deity Shiva.

• Nataraja, which translates to "Lord of the Dance," depicts Shiva performing the Ananda Tandava, a cosmic dance of creation, preservation, and destruction.
• In this form, Shiva is shown dancing inside a circle of flames, with one leg raised and the other crushing the demon Apasmara, symbolizing ignorance.
• This iconic image portrays Shiva's role in the cycle of the universe, where through destruction (in the dance), new creation is brought about.

Information Booster:

Emergence of Shiva’s Nataraja Form

• Shiva as Nataraja: The concept of Shiva as the cosmic dancer, Nataraja, began around the 5th century AD.
• Early Depictions: Initial representations of Shiva’s dance laid the foundation for the symbolism associated with the Nataraja form.

Shiva Under the Cholas

• Chola Dynasty (9th-11th centuries AD): The Cholas significantly developed Shiva’s Nataraja form.
• Cultural Patronage: The Cholas were patrons of art and culture, with a focus on Shaiva worship.
• Shaiva Temples: They constructed grand temples, such as the Brihadeeswara Temple in Thanjavur, known for sculptures of Shiva in his Nataraja form.

Evolution of Nataraja Iconography

• Symbolism: Nataraja's symbolism became more complex under the Cholas, reflecting Shiva's dual nature as both destructive and ascetic.
• Creation and Destruction: Nataraja, the 'Lord of Dance,' represents both creation and destruction, linking Shiva to the cyclical nature of existence.
• Cosmic Dance: Shiva's dance is viewed as a cosmic act, with the world as the stage and the dance embodying the universe's rhythm.

Iconic Elements of Nataraja

• Flaming Halo: Nataraja is depicted within a flaming aureole, symbolizing the circle of the cosmos.
• Flowing Dreadlocks: His long dreadlocks signify the dynamic energy of his dance.
• Four Arms: Nataraja typically has four arms, each holding objects that convey profound symbolism.

Symbolism in Nataraja's Attributes

• Damru (Drum): In his upper right hand, Nataraja holds a damru (hand drum), which symbolizes the rhythmic pulse of the universe.
• Agni (Fire): In his upper left hand, he holds Agni (fire), representing his power to destroy the universe.
• Crushed Dwarf: Beneath one foot, Nataraja crushes a dwarf-like figure, symbolizing illusion (maya) and worldly distractions.
• Earring Duality: One ear of Shiva has a male earring and the other a female earring, symbolizing the union of male and female energies, often referred to as Ardhanarishwar.
• Snake: A snake coiled around Shiva’s arm represents kundalini power, which resides dormant in the human spine and can be awakened to attain spiritual enlightenment.