Merton's criticism of bureaucratic theory: 
(A) Displacement of goals 
(B) Trained incapacity 
(C) Non conformity 
(D) Depersonalisation of relationships 
(E) Inadequate accountability and responsibility 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : 

Correct option is B

Robert K. Merton criticized bureaucratic theory by highlighting certain dysfunctions associated with bureaucratic structures:
· (A) Displacement of goals: Bureaucracies often become overly focused on rules and procedures, leading to goal displacement where adherence to rules overshadows the actual objectives of the organization.
· (B) Trained incapacity: Bureaucrats become so specialized and conditioned by routines that they lose the flexibility to adapt to new situations, leading to a form of incompetency in unexpected scenarios.
· (D) Depersonalization of relationships: Merton observed that bureaucracies create impersonal relationships, which can reduce human interactions and empathy, affecting morale and adaptability.
These criticisms illustrate how rigid adherence to bureaucratic principles can create inefficiencies and hinder organizational effectiveness by discouraging innovation and flexibility.

Information Booster:
1. Goal Displacement: Prioritizing procedural adherence over organizational objectives can obstruct efficient operations.
2. Trained Incapacity: Over-specialization reduces adaptability, as employees focus solely on narrow roles.
3. Depersonalization: A focus on impersonal relationships diminishes morale, innovation, and communication within organizations.
4. Rigidity: Bureaucracies are often inflexible, leading to slow adaptation to change.
5. Over-emphasis on Hierarchy: Hierarchical structures can restrict open communication and stifle creativity.
6. Reliance on Rules: Bureaucracies often prioritize rules over outcomes, which can impair decision-making.