Correct option is B
· A. Constructive Conflict — IV. Mary Parker Follett: Follett introduced the concept of "Constructive Conflict," emphasizing the importance of managing conflict through integration and cooperation rather than domination or compromise.
· B. Acceptance Theory of authority and 'Zonal Indifference' — III. Chester I. Barnard: Barnard developed the Acceptance Theory, arguing that authority is effective only when accepted by subordinates, along with the concept of the "Zone of Indifference," where employees comply without questioning.
· C. Hierarchy of Needs — II. Abraham Maslow: Maslow is famous for his "Hierarchy of Needs" theory, which outlines a five-tier model of human needs, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.
· D. Hygiene-Motivation theory — I. Frederic Herzberg: Herzberg's two-factor theory, or Hygiene-Motivation theory, distinguishes between factors that cause job satisfaction (motivators) and those that cause dissatisfaction (hygiene factors).
Information Booster:
1. Mary Parker Follett: Known for her work on management and organizational theory, she emphasized conflict resolution through collaboration.
2. Chester Barnard: His Acceptance Theory shifted focus from the giver of authority to the receiver, emphasizing the role of the subordinate in validating authority.
3. Abraham Maslow: Maslow's hierarchy is a cornerstone in understanding human motivation, ranging from basic needs like food to higher psychological needs like self-esteem.
4. Frederic Herzberg: His Hygiene-Motivation theory is crucial in understanding job satisfaction and the factors that lead to motivation in the workplace.
5. These thinkers have significantly influenced the fields of management, psychology, and organizational behavior.
6. Constructive Conflict and Hygiene-Motivation Theory are still widely applied in modern management practices.
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