Correct option is C
Explanation:
A. Don Quixote: Written by Miguel de Cervantes, this iconic Spanish novel is widely regarded as one of the first modern novels. It described realistically what befalls on an aging knight who, bemused by reading chivalric romances, sets out on his old horse Rocinante with his pragmatic squire, Sancho Panza to seek adventure.
B. Sorrows of Young Werther: Authored by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, this epistolary novel epitomizes Romantic literature. It is about a young man's extreme response to unrequited love.
C. Lost Illusions: Penned by Honoré de Balzac, it is part of his monumental series La Comédie Humaine. It is a serial novel consisting three parts starting in provincial france, thereafter moving to Paris and finally returning to provinces.
D. Epitaph of a Small Winner: Written by Machado de Assis, this novel is a masterpiece of Brazilian literature, blending realism and satire. The novel has a unique style of short, errotic chapters shifting in tone and style. the novel is narrated by the dead protagonist Bras cubas, who tells his own life story from beyond the grave, noting his mistakes and failed romances.
Information Booster:
A. Don Quixote – Miguel de Cervantes
- Published in two parts (1605 and 1615), Don Quixote is a Spanish novel and one of the greatest works of world literature.
- It tells the story of Alonso Quixano, a man who reads so many chivalric romances that he loses his sanity and becomes Don Quixote, a knight-errant.
- It is a novel of parodies, criticism of idealism, and a profound exploration of human nature. Cervantes is regarded as the founding figure of modern Western literature.
- Miguel de Cervantes is known as the father of modern literature. Don Quixote critiques chivalric romance and examines the boundaries of reality and illusion.
B. Sorrows of Young Werther – Goethe
- The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774) is a German epistolary novel by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
- The novel, written in the form of letters, narrates the life of Werther, a young man who falls in unrequited love and eventually takes his own life.
- It became a model for the Sturm und Drang (Storm and Stress) movement, which emphasized strong emotions over rational thought, and had a profound influence on European Romanticism.
C. Lost Illusions – Honoré de Balzac
- Lost Illusions (1837–1843) is a French novel by Honoré de Balzac, part of his monumental series La Comédie Humaine.
- The novel examines the rise and fall of a young poet, Lucien Chardon, who moves to Paris with dreams of success, only to be disillusioned by the corruption of the literary world.
- Balzac is known for his detailed exploration of French society and its complexities, creating characters and plots that resonate with the readers even today.
D. Epitaph of a Small Winner – Machado de Assis
- Epitaph of a Small Winner (Memorial de Aires) (1908) is a Brazilian novel by Machado de Assis.
- It tells the story of a lawyer, who reflects on his life and his interactions with society and those around him.
- The novel is notable for its irony and exploration of themes of death, life’s meaning, and the complexity of human existence. Assis is one of the greatest writers in Brazilian literature and his works often touch on social inequalities and the human condition.
Additional Knowledge:
Epistolary Novels: A fictional story told through a series of letters.
Social Satire: A literary technique that uses humor, irony, and exaggeration to criticize or mock social norms, institutions, and behaviors.
Realism in Literature: A literary movement that portrays everyday life as it is, without dramatization or romanticization.