Match List-I with List-II:

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is D

The terms in List-I and their corresponding explanations from List-II are:
1. (A) Vyapti – Universal Concomitance (IV): Vyapti refers to the universal invariable relation between cause and effect, where the middle term invariably accompanies the major term.
2. (B) Anvaya – Method of Agreement in Presence (III): Anvaya refers to the method of agreement where an effect is observed to occur in the presence of a cause.
3. (C) Vyatireka – Observation of Agreement in Absence (I): Vyatireka refers to the method of agreement in absence, where the absence of the cause leads to the absence of the effect.
4. (D) Paksa dharmata-jñana – The Minor Term Found to be Characterized by the Middle (II): Paksa dharmata-jñana refers to understanding the minor term (subject) through its connection with the middle term (hetu).
Information Booster:
1. Vyapti (Universal Concomitance) is a foundational concept in Indian logic for inference (Anumana).
2. Anvaya (Agreement in Presence) shows a positive relationship between cause and effect.
3. Vyatireka (Agreement in Absence) is the negative counterpart to Anvaya, highlighting absence as proof.
4. Paksa dharmata-jñana explains how the middle term characterizes the subject in logical reasoning.
5. Both Anvaya and Vyatireka are crucial for validating causal relationships in logic.