Integrated Circuits (ICs) are related to which generation of computers?

Correct option is C

Integrated Circuits (ICs) are the hallmark of the Third Generation of Computers (1964–1971). ICs allowed multiple electronic components to be embedded on a single silicon chip, drastically reducing the size of computers and increasing their processing power. This innovation led to more reliable and efficient computing systems.
Important Key Points:
1. Integrated Circuits (ICs): A breakthrough technology that miniaturized transistors and other components into a single chip.
2. Increased Efficiency: Third-generation computers were faster, smaller, and consumed less power compared to earlier vacuum-tube and transistor-based systems.
3. Language Support: These computers supported higher-level programming languages like COBOL and FORTRAN.
4. Cost Efficiency: Mass production of ICs made computing affordable for businesses and organizations.
5. Prominent Models: IBM System/360 series and UNIVAC 1108 are iconic third-generation computers.
Knowledge Booster:
· First Generation: Used vacuum tubes; examples include ENIAC and UNIVAC I.
· Second Generation: Utilized transistors; examples include IBM 7090 and PDP-1.
· Fourth Generation: Introduced microprocessors, leading to the personal computer revolution.
· Fifth Generation: Focused on AI and parallel processing, incorporating cutting-edge technologies like quantum computing and robotics.
· IC Inventor: Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce independently developed IC technology in the late 1950s.
· Impact: ICs laid the foundation for modern computing, driving advancements in speed, efficiency, and scalability.