In the year 1925, who extracted lipids from an erythrocyte sample and found that lipid monolayers are good for measuring molecular surface area versus pressure?

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) Gorter and Grendel.
Explanation:
In 1925, Gorter and Grendel conducted a pioneering experiment in which they extracted lipids from red blood cells (erythrocytes) and analyzed their behavior. Their key findings included:
1. Lipid Monolayers:
· They found that the lipids from erythrocytes formed a monolayer at the air-water interface.
· This experiment demonstrated that lipid monolayers are suitable for measuring molecular surface area versus pressure.
2. Bilayer Hypothesis:
· They hypothesized that cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer, with the hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails inward.
· This was a foundational discovery for understanding the structure of biological membranes.