In early 1610, who discovered with his newly invented telescope that Jupiter has four moons?

Correct option is C

The astronomer Galileo Galilei is credited with discovering Jupiter's four largest moons - Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto - in early 1610 using his newly invented telescope.
This discovery provided compelling evidence for the Copernican model of the solar system, which placed the Sun at the center and the planets in orbit around it, and challenged the prevailing Aristotelian geocentric view of the universe.