In all the electric appliances like electric iron, toasters, electric kettle, hair dryers etc, which of the followingprinciples is involved?

Correct option is B

The Correct answer is (b) Heating effect of current.
· The heating effect of current is the principle behind the working of electric appliances like electric irons, toasters, electric kettles, and hair dryers.
· When an electric current passes through a resistive material, such as the heating element found in these appliances, electrical energy is converted into heat energy due to the resistance.
· This heat is then used to perform the desired function, such as ironing clothes, heating water, or drying hair.
· The amount of heat produced depends on the current, resistance, and the time for which the current flows, as described by the formula: H=I2RtH = I^2 R tH=I2Rt where H is heat, I is current, R is resistance, and t is time.
Information Booster:
· Resistance in circuits : Resistance plays a role in generating heat, but the primary principle in these appliances is the conversion of electrical energy into heat through resistance, known as the heating effect of current.
· Current passing in series: Appliances may be connected in series or parallel, but this does not directly relate to the working principle of heat generation. Series circuits are less common for household appliances due to voltage distribution issues.
· Generation of electricity : This principle relates to producing electrical power, typically in generators, but appliances like irons or toasters consume electricity rather than generate it. resistance, and the time for which the current flows. ● Heating Elements: Materials like nichrome are commonly used as heating elements due to their high resistivity and ability to withstand high temperatures without corroding.