Correct option is B
The correct answer is: (2) Of undercompensating density-dependence and population size at intermediate density.
Explanation:
The dome-shaped recruitment curve is a result of density-dependent factors, where birth and death rates are influenced by the population size. The population growth rate typically increases at lower densities, peaks at intermediate densities, and declines as density increases due to competition for resources.
Undercompensating density-dependence means that the effect of competition does not fully reduce the growth at high population densities, allowing the population to still grow at intermediate densities.
Intermediate density represents the point where population recruitment is highest because the balance between resource availability and competition is optimal.
Information Booster:
Density-dependent effects influence birth and death rates as population density changes, with increased competition leading to higher mortality at high densities.
Intermediate density supports maximum recruitment because the resources are sufficiently available without excessive competition.
Undercompensating density-dependence means the population does not fully slow at higher densities, leading to continued growth at intermediate levels.
At high densities, competition becomes more intense, reducing population growth.
At low densities, fewer individuals interact, leading to slower recruitment.
The dome-shaped curve is common in many populations where growth is regulated by internal population factors.
Additional Information:
Option 1: "Density-dependence is lowest at intermediate density" is incorrect because density-dependence is stronger at higher densities due to increased competition.
Option 3: "Death rates are lowest at low density" is incorrect because at low density, competition is minimal, but resource availability may be lower, which reduces recruitment.
Option 4: "Mortality rates are density-independent at intermediate density" is incorrect as mortality rates are typically density-dependent, especially at intermediate densities.
