Correct option is B
The correct answer is (b).
Introduction
A hygrometer is a primary meteorological instrument specifically designed to measure the amount of water vapor (humidity) present in the atmosphere, soil, or confined spaces.
In standard environmental and meteorological contexts, it is primarily used to gauge atmospheric moisture.
Information Booster
- The most traditional form is the psychrometer, which consists of two thermometers—one dry-bulb and one wet-bulb.
- The rate of evaporation from the wet-bulb lowers its temperature; the difference between the two thermometers allows for the calculation of relative humidity.
- Modern digital hygrometers use capacitive or resistive sensors, where moisture absorption alters the electrical properties of the sensing material.
- Measuring humidity is crucial in air quality modeling because moisture influences the formation of secondary pollutants like acid rain and photochemical smog.
- It is also vital for predicting weather patterns, assessing thermal comfort, and managing controlled indoor environments (like museums and server rooms).
- Leonardo da Vinci constructed the first crude hygrometer in the 15th century using an absorbent material that increased in weight as humidity rose.
- The water content of soil is typically measured using instruments like Tensiometers or Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) probes, not atmospheric hygrometers.
- The capillary potential of soil water (soil matric potential) is measured exclusively by a Tensiometer, which gauges the force required by roots to extract water.
- The specific gravity or relative density of a liquid is measured using a Hydrometer, which is often confused linguistically with a hygrometer.
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