How many types of Naad are considered?

Correct option is A

Correct Option: a)
· In the classical musicological tradition of India, particularly as systematised in Sharangadeva's Sangeet Ratnakar (13th century), Naad is analysed and categorised based on the primary vibrating material that produces the sound.
Information Booster:
According to the Sangeet Ratnakar, sound (Naad) is classified into five distinct types based on its material cause:
· Nakhaja: Sound produced from the vibration of strings, set in motion by a fingernail or plectrum (e.g., Veena, Sitar).
· Vayuja: Sound produced from the vibration of air (e.g., Flute, Shehnai).
· Charmaja: Sound produced from the vibration of a stretched skin or membrane (e.g., Mridangam, Pakhawaj).
· Dharuja: Sound produced from the vibration of solid materials like wood or stone (e.g., Ghana vadya like wooden clappers).
· Ghanaja: Sound produced from the vibration of solid metals (e.g., bells, cymbals, jalra).
· This five-fold, material-based classification is the definitive answer to the question of "types of Naad" in the context of Indian musicology exams.
Additional Knowledge:
· Enumerations of 3 or 6 types are not the principal classification in authoritative musicological texts.
· The number 8 is associated with other concepts (like the 8 Vikritis of voice or the 8 primary Ragas) but not with the types of Naad..