Correct option is D
Hoffman's critique of standardized testing in the 1960s argued that these examinations favor subtle, creative, and more profound persons while simultaneously carrying a bad effect in recognition of merit. The paradox in his argument was that while tests claimed to identify talent, they actually rewarded test-taking skills and conformity rather than true intellectual depth, creativity, or original thinking. Hoffman contended that standardized formats penalize divergent thinkers and those with unconventional approaches, thereby misidentifying merit by privileging quick, surface-level responses over thoughtful, nuanced reasoning. This critique contributed to the alternative assessment movement and concerns about cultural bias in testing.
Information Booster:
● Banesh Hoffmann: Published "The Tyranny of Testing" (1962), arguing standardized tests measure test-wiseness rather than genuine intelligence or creativity
● Critique Focus: Tests favor students who can quickly identify "correct" answers within rigid formats, disadvantaging those who think deeply or unconventionally
● Merit Recognition Problem: Standardized tests may misclassify truly meritorious students as low-performers if they don't conform to test-taking conventions
● Historical Context: 1960s saw growing criticism of educational measurement, including concerns about socioeconomic bias and cultural fairness
● Impact on Testing: Led to development of performance-based assessments, portfolio evaluation, and authentic assessment approaches
● Contemporary Relevance: Debates continue regarding SAT/ACT optional admissions and holistic evaluation in higher education
English
10 Questions
20 Marks
12 Mins
