'Demographic Processes' does not include:

Correct option is D

Sol. Demographic processes primarily include fertility (birth rates), mortality (death rates), and morbidity (illness rates), but social mobility is not typically considered a demographic process.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Fertility – Fertility is a key demographic process, as it pertains to birth rates and reproduction.
· (b) Mortality – Mortality, or the death rate, is a central aspect of demographic processes.
· (c) Morbidity – Morbidity refers to the rates of illness and disease in a population, which is a significant demographic factor.
· (d) Social mobility – Correct answer. Social mobility refers to the movement of individuals or groups in social, economic, or educational status, and is not a demographic process.