Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Deci and Ryan’s (1985) Self-Determination Theory proposed that -
A. People have an inclination towards spontaneous interest, mastery, and exploration.
B. Intrinsic motivation occurs when our need for importance and autonomy is satisfied.
C. The theory explains the genesis of needs.
D. Intrinsic motivation is strengthened by goals, deadlines, and directives.
E. There is a spectrum of intrinsic motivation starting from motivation.

Correct option is A

The Self-Determination Theory (SDT), developed by Deci and Ryan (1985), is a psychological framework that explains human motivation and personality in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The theory emphasizes the role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in fostering self-motivation and well-being.

Statement A (Correct): SDT posits that individuals naturally seek spontaneous interest, mastery, and exploration, which are fundamental to intrinsic motivation. People engage in activities because they find them inherently satisfying.

Statement C (Correct): The theory also discusses the origin (genesis) of needs, particularly the three basic psychological needs—autonomy, competence, and relatedness—which are essential for intrinsic motivation.

Information Booster

1 - Proposed by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan in the 1980s.
2 - Focuses on human motivation and personality development, emphasizing intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
3 - Based on the idea that individuals have three innate psychological needs:
-Autonomy: The need to feel in control of one’s actions and decisions.
-Competence: The need to feel effective and capable in one’s activities.
-Relatedness: The need to feel connected and valued by others.

Combinations of Psychological Needs and Their Impact on Motivation:
1 - Autonomy + Competence:
-Fulfilling these needs leads to intrinsic motivation, where individuals engage in activities for inherent satisfaction and enjoyment.
-Example: A student who feels in control of their learning (autonomy) and confident in their abilities (competence) is more likely to enjoy studying.

2 - Autonomy + Relatedness:
-Fulfilling these needs fosters internalized extrinsic motivation, where individuals engage in activities because they align with their values or relationships.
-Example: An employee who feels connected to their team (relatedness) and has freedom in how they complete tasks (autonomy) is motivated to work hard for the team’s success.

3 - Competence + Relatedness:
-Fulfilling these needs promotes identified regulation, where individuals engage in activities because they find them personally meaningful or socially valuable.
-Example: A volunteer who feels skilled (competence) and connected to their community (relatedness) is motivated to contribute to a cause they care about.

4 - Autonomy + Competence + Relatedness:
-Fulfilling all three needs leads to integrated regulation, the most self-determined form of motivation, where activities are fully aligned with one’s values, identity, and relationships.
-Example: A musician who feels in control of their creative process (autonomy), confident in their skills (competence), and supported by their audience (relatedness) is deeply motivated to create music.

5 - Lack of Autonomy:
-When autonomy is not met, individuals may experience external regulation, engaging in activities only for rewards or to avoid punishment.
-Example: A student who studies solely to avoid parental disapproval lacks intrinsic motivation.

6 - Lack of Competence:
-When competence is not met, individuals may feel amotivation, leading to disengagement and lack of interest.
-Example: An employee who feels incapable of performing tasks may become demotivated and disengaged.

7 - Lack of Relatedness:
When relatedness is not met, individuals may feel isolated, reducing their motivation to engage in social or collaborative activities.
Example: A team member who feels disconnected from their colleagues may lose motivation to contribute to group projects.