Contemporary policies of education such as National Education Policy 2020 emphasise that learning in schools should be through-

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Discovery and exploration.
The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emphasizes an experiential and holistic learning approach. It advocates for discovery, exploration, and active engagement over passive rote learning or direct instruction. This constructivist approach enables students to learn through hands-on activities, problem-solving, and critical thinking, fostering a deeper understanding of concepts.

Information Booster:

• Experiential Learning: Encourages learning by doing, which enhances retention and comprehension.
• Holistic Development: NEP 2020 promotes cognitive, emotional, and social growth.
• Critical Thinking: Emphasized through inquiry-based and problem-solving activities.
• Student-Centered Learning: Tailors learning experiences to students' interests and needs.
• Creativity and Innovation: Exploration and discovery foster creativity and innovative thinking.

Additional Knowledge:

• (a) Conditioning: This behaviorist approach focuses on stimulus-response learning, effective for habit formation but not suitable for fostering deep conceptual understanding.
• (b) Passive imitation: Learning by mere observation and replication limits creativity and critical engagement.
• (c) Direct instruction: Useful for foundational knowledge but insufficient for promoting higher-order thinking skills.
• (d) Discovery and exploration: Aligned with constructivist principles, this method encourages active learning and self-discovery, as emphasized in NEP 2020.