Consider the following statements about the administrative measures of Shivaji:
1. The scheme of Ashta Pradhan (eight) ministers) was completed and announced at the time of Shivaji's coronation with regulations and duties properly defined.
2. Shivaji introduced Marathi in place of Persian and coined Sanskrit technical terms for administrative purposes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (c) Both 1 and 2.
Ashta Pradhan Scheme:
Shivaji implemented the Ashta Pradhan system, a council consisting of eight ministers, as part of his administrative reforms. This scheme was officially established, with defined regulations and responsibilities, during his coronation in 1674. The ministers were assigned specific duties, contributing to a well-organized and efficient governance structure.
The Ashta Pradhan included:
Peshwa (Prime Minister)
Amatya (Finance Minister)
Sachiv (Secretary)
Mantri (Chronicler)
Senapati (Commander-in-Chief)
Sumant (Foreign Affairs)
Nyayadhish (Chief Justice)
Panditrao (Religious Affairs)
This setup streamlined administrative functions and created a structured hierarchy.
Therefore, statement 1 is correct.
Introduction of Marathi and Sanskrit Terms:
Shivaji replaced Persian, the administrative language under the Mughal rule, with Marathi to promote local culture and language. This made administration more accessible to the common people and reduced the influence of Persian on governance.
Additionally, he introduced Sanskrit technical terms for administrative and military use, establishing a unique identity for his kingdom and further distinguishing his administration from that of the Mughals.
Thus, statement 2 is correct.
Since both statements are accurate, the correct answer is (c) Both 1 and 2.
Information Booster:
● The Ashta Pradhan was Shivaji’s innovative administrative council, ensuring efficient management of state affairs and clear ministerial roles. ● The use of Marathi as the official administrative language improved the connection between the government and the people, making governance more inclusive. ● By incorporating Sanskrit terms, Shivaji revived ancient Indian traditions and created an administration that was culturally rooted, moving away from Persian influence. ● The Ashta Pradhan ministers were integral not only in administrative matters but also played key roles in military campaigns and diplomatic efforts. ● Shivaji’s administrative innovations set the foundation for future Maratha rulers, who expanded and refined these systems, strengthening the Maratha Empire's governance.