Consider the following functions of a Local Government in India:

1. Ensuring safe and continuous water supply

2. Providing electricity

3. Establishment and maintenance of libraries and reading rooms

Which of the above is/are its discretionary functions?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (c) Only 3.

• Discretionary functions are optional duties that local governments may perform depending on available resources and priorities.

• Establishing and maintaining libraries and reading rooms is a discretionary function; local bodies may choose to provide these services but are not constitutionally mandated to do so.

• Ensuring safe and continuous water supply and providing electricity are obligatory functions for local governments, mandated by constitutional provisions like the 74th Amendment for urban local bodies and the 73rd Amendment for rural Panchayats.

• These essential services must be provided to ensure basic civic amenities and public welfare.

Information Booster:

1. Article 243W of the Indian Constitution lists 18 obligatory functions for urban local bodies under the 12th Schedule.

2. Article 243G lists 29 functions for Panchayats under the 11th Schedule, including obligatory and discretionary duties.

3. Discretionary functions often include cultural activities, promotion of tourism, urban aesthetics, parks, and gardens.

4. Obligatory functions are essential for maintaining civic infrastructure and service delivery.

5. The distinction helps prioritize resource allocation in local governance.

6. The 74th Amendment Act (1992) strengthened urban local bodies’ role and responsibilities in India.

7. Local governments operate under a framework balancing mandatory duties and optional development activities.