Correct option is B
Cast iron is primarily produced by melting
pig iron, scrap iron, and limestone in a
cupola furnace.
The cupola furnace is the most widely used furnace for
melting iron due to its
low cost, continuous operation, and simplicity.
Open-Hearth Furnace:
Used for making
steel rather than cast iron.
Operates at slower rates, allowing for better control over composition.
A
vertical cylindrical furnace lined with refractory material.
Works continuously and is charged with layers of pig iron, scrap, coke (fuel), and flux(usually limestone).
Cast iron is collected at the base of the furnace, while impurities are removed as slag.
Blast Furnace:
Used for extracting
pig iron from
iron ore.
Pig iron obtained from a blast furnace is later refined into cast iron or steel in other types of furnaces.
It involves reduction reactions at very high temperatures.
Puddling Furnace:
Used in historical times for converting
pig iron into wrought iron by manually stirring molten iron to remove carbon content.
