Correct option is B
Explanation:
The question focuses on identifying the apomorphies (evolutionary traits) of Eudicots. Let's examine each option:
1. Endospory and retention of megaspore:
These features are not characteristic of Eudicots. Endospory (the development of gametophytes inside the spores) and retention of megaspore are not typical of Eudicots, and these traits are found in gymnosperms and some other plants.
2. Tricolpate derived pollen:
Tricolpate pollen (pollen with three apertures or pores) is a significant apomorphy of Eudicots. It is one of the key characteristics used to identify Eudicots. This form of pollen evolved from a biporate ancestral condition and is a key feature that distinguishes Eudicots from other angiosperms, such as monocots.
3. Heterospory and atactostelic vasculature:
Heterospory (production of different types of spores) and atactostelic vasculature (type of vascular bundle arrangement) are not exclusive to Eudicots. These traits are common in other groups, including monocots.
4. Ovules with two integuments:
While ovules with two integuments are a feature of Eudicots, it is not the most defining trait. The characteristic tricolpate pollen remains a more significant apomorphy for Eudicots.
Additional Information:
Option 1 (Endospory and retention of megaspore): This feature is more associated with gymnosperms and seedless vascular plants than with Eudicots.
Option 3 (Heterospory and atactostelic vasculature): These traits are found in various plant groups, including ferns and monocots, and are not unique to Eudicots.
Option 4 (Ovules with two integuments): This feature is also found in other plant groups, such as angiosperms in general, and is not exclusive to Eudicots.
