Correct option is D
The correct answer is (d) non-enforceable by any court
Explanation:
- According to Article 37 of the Indian Constitution, the provisions contained in the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)“shall not be enforceable by any court.” This means that these principles are non-justiciable, i.e., they cannot be enforced through legal action in a court of law.
- However, Article 37 also emphasizes that "they are nevertheless fundamental in the governance of the country," and it is the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws.
Information Booster:
- Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV, Articles 36–51) are guidelines to be kept in mind while framing laws and policies.
- They aim to establish social and economic democracy.
- DPSPs are inspired by the Irish Constitution.
Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) based on their classification:
Classification | Article(s) | Key Provisions |
Socialist Principles | 38 | Promote justice and reduce inequality (44th AA, 1978) |
39 | Livelihood, equitable distribution, avoid wealth concentration, equal pay, child development | |
39A | Equal justice and free legal aid (42nd AA, 1976) | |
41 | Right to work, education, and assistance in need | |
42 | Just and humane work conditions, maternity relief | |
43 | Living wage, fair pay, decent conditions | |
43A | Workers' participation in management (42nd AA, 1976) | |
46 | Promote educational and economic interests of weaker sections | |
47 | Improve nutrition, public health, and standard of living | |
Gandhian Principles | 40 | Organisation of village panchayats |
43 | Promote cottage industries in rural areas | |
43B | Promote cooperative societies (97th AA, 2011) | |
46 | Uplift SCs/STs and weaker sections | |
47 | Prohibit intoxicating drinks and drugs | |
48 | Prohibit cow slaughter; improve cattle breeds | |
Liberal Principles | 39 | Promote gender equality |
44 | Uniform Civil Code for all citizens | |
45 | Free and compulsory education up to age 14 (86th AA – now under Article 21A) | |
48 | Scientific organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry | |
48A | Protect the environment, forests, and wildlife (42nd AA, 1976) | |
49 | Safeguard monuments and heritage sites | |
50 | Separation of judiciary from executive | |
51 | Promote international peace, just relations, respect for international law, arbitration of disputes |
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