A disposition to exhibit certain personality characteristics is termed as

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) One of the key features of personality traits is their stability over time and across different situations. While individuals may exhibit variability in their behavior depending on the context, personality traits reflect relatively consistent patterns of behavior that persist over time. For example, a person who is characterized by high levels of extraversion is likely to consistently demonstrate outgoing, sociable, and energetic behavior across different social situations and over an extended period.Personality traits are typically conceptualized as existing along a continuum, with individuals varying in the degree to which they possess each trait. The Five-Factor Model (FFM) is one of the most widely used frameworks for describing personality traits, which includes five broad dimensions:Openness to experience: This dimension reflects the extent to which individuals are open-minded, imaginative, curious, and receptive to new ideas, experiences, and perspectives. Individuals high in openness tend to be creative, adventurous, and intellectually curious, while those low in openness may be more conventional, cautious, and resistant to change.Conscientiousness: Conscientiousness refers to the degree of organization, responsibility, dependability, and self-discipline exhibited by individuals. High conscientiousness is associated with traits such as reliability, diligence, perseverance, and goal-directedness, whereas low conscientiousness is characterized by impulsivity, disorganization, and lack of follow-through.Extraversion: Extraversion represents the extent to which individuals are outgoing, sociable, energetic, and assertive in their interactions with others. Extraverted individuals are typically sociable, talkative, and enthusiastic, whereas introverted individuals tend to be more reserved, reflective, and withdrawn in social situations.Agreeableness: Agreeableness reflects the degree of warmth, empathy, cooperativeness, and altruism exhibited by individuals in their relationships with others. Individuals high in agreeableness are compassionate, considerate, and trusting, whereas those low in agreeableness may be more skeptical, competitive, and antagonistic.Neuroticism (or Emotional Stability): Neuroticism refers to the tendency to experience negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and vulnerability to stress. Individuals high in neuroticism are prone to worry, moodiness, and emotional instability, whereas those low in neuroticism are more emotionally resilient, calm, and emotionally stable.These five dimensions of personality provide a comprehensive framework for understanding and describing individual differences in personality. Each dimension represents a broad spectrum of traits that capture various aspects of an individual's personality, encompassing both positive and negative characteristics.