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Daily Quiz in Bengali | History For WBCS And UPSC 18 May 2021

 Q1. নিম্নলিখিত জোড়া বিবেচনা করুন

মুক্তিযোদ্ধা      ষড়যন্ত্র মামলা
1.ভগত সিং : লাহোর ষড়যন্ত্র মামলা
2.রামপ্রসাদ বিসমিল : কাকোরি ষড়যন্ত্র মামলা
3.রাজগুরু : কানপুর বলশেভিক ষড়যন্ত্র মামলা

উপরে দেওয়া বিবৃতির কোনটি সঠিক?

(a) 1 এবং 2

(b) 2 এবং 3

(c) 1 এবং 3

(d) 1, 2 এবং 3

Q2. ভয়েস অফ ইন্ডিয়া পত্রিকা প্রকাশ করেছেন-

(a) জি.কে.  গোখলে

(b) দাদাভাই নওরোজি

(c) শিশির কুমার ঘোষ

(d) এন.এন.  সেন

Q3. খেলাফত আন্দোলন শুরুর মূল কারণ ছিল:

(a) আইনসভায় ও কার্যনির্বাহীনে মুসলমানদের বৃহত্তর রাজনৈতিক প্রতিনিধিত্ব করার দাবি।

(b) ভারতীয় মুসলমানদের প্রতি বৈষম্যমূলক আচরণের বিরুদ্ধে আন্দোলন করা।

(c) ব্রিটেনের দ্বারা অটোমান সাম্রাজ্যের সাথে আচরণের বিরুদ্ধে প্রতিবাদ জানানো

(d) বঙ্গভঙ্গ নিয়ে সরকারের  সিদ্ধান্তের বিরুদ্ধে মতবিরোধ

Q4. নিম্নলিখিত কোন নেতা 1940 সালে স্বতন্ত্র সত্যগ্রহ করা প্রথম সত্যগ্রাহী ছিলেন?

(a) বিনোবা ভাবে

(b) মহাত্মা গান্ধী

(c) জওহর লাল নেহেরু

(d) ব্রহ্ম দত্ত

Q5. নিচের কোনটি স্বতন্ত্র সত্যাগ্রহীদের মূল লক্ষ্য ছিল

  1. জাতীয়তাবাদী ধৈর্য যে দুর্বলতার কারণে নয়, তা দেখাতে।

2.কংগ্রেসের দাবি শান্তিপূর্ণভাবে মেনে নেওয়ার জন্য সরকারকে আরেকটি সুযোগ দেওয়া।

  1. জনগণের অনুভূতি প্রকাশ করার জন্য যে ভারত বিশ্বযুদ্ধে অংশ নিতে আগ্রহী ছিল না

উপরে দেওয়া বিবৃতির কোনটি সঠিক?

(a)  1 এবং 2

(b) 2 এবং 3

(c) 1 এবং 3

(d) 1, 2 এবং 3

Q6. সঠিক কালানুক্রমিক ক্রমে স্বাধীনতা আন্দোলন সম্পর্কিত নিম্নলিখিত বিবৃতিগুলি সাজান:

  1. দ্বিতীয় গোল টেবিল বৈঠক
  2. অল ইন্ডিয়া স্টুডেন্ট ফেডারেশন স্থাপন
  3. প্রথম স্বাধীনতা (স্বরাজ্য) দিবস উদযাপিত হয়েছিল

নীচে থেকে সঠিক কোডটি নির্বাচন করুন:

(a)  1-2-3

(b)  1-3-2

(c)  3-1-2

(d)  3-2-1

Q7. 1930-এর দশকে, কার্শক সঙ্গমগুলি নিম্নলিখিত অঞ্চলের কোন অঞ্চলে কৃষক আন্দোলনের নেতৃত্বের জন্য সুপরিচিত ছিল?

(a) মালাবার অঞ্চল

(b) ইউনাইটেড প্রভিনস

(c) সেন্ট্রাল প্রভিনস

(d) মহীশূর

Q8. রায়তওয়ারী বন্দোবস্ত সম্পর্কে নিচের কোনটি বক্তব্য সঠিক নয়?

(a) এটি দক্ষিণ এবং দক্ষিণ-পশ্চিম ভারতে প্রাথমিকভাবে চালু হয়েছিল।

(b) সিস্টেমের অধীনে জনবসতিগুলি পর্যায়ক্রমে সংশোধন করা হয়েছিল।

(c) করের রাজস্ব কৃষক একজন মধ্যস্থতার মাধ্যমে প্রদান করত।

(d) 1820 সালে স্যার টমাস মুনরো এই সিস্টেমটি চালু করেছিলেন।

Q9. নিম্নলিখিতগুলির মধ্যে কে ইন্ডিয়া লীগের হয়ে স্বাধীনতার সাথে যুক্ত ছিলেন না?

(a) মহাত্মা গান্ধী

(b) জওহরলাল নেহেরু

(c) সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু

(d) শ্রীনীবাস আয়েঙ্গার

Q10. ইংলিশ ইস্ট ইন্ডিয়া কোম্পানির (ইআইসি) রেফারেন্স সহ নিচের কোনটি সঠিক নয়?

(a)এটি কুইন এলিজাবেথের থেকে একটি রয়্যাল চার্টার এবং প্রাচ্যে বাণিজ্য করার একচেটিয়া সুযোগ পেয়েছিল।

(b) জাহাঙ্গীর হলেন প্রথম মুঘল সম্রাট যিনি ইআইসিকে ফরমান প্রদান করেছিলেন।

(c)  হুগলিতে প্রথম কারখানা চালু করে।

(d) এটি ভারতীয় পণ্য ও নির্মাতাদের জন্য নতুন বাজার উন্মুক্ত করে।

 

Solutions

S1.Ans.(b)

Sol.

The revolutionary activity in the 1920s was dominated by the Hindustan Republican Association/Army or HRA (later renamed Hindustan Socialist Republican Association or HSRA). The HRA was founded in October 1924 in Kanpur by Ramprasad Bismil, Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, and Sachin Sanyal, with an aim to organize an armed revolution to overthrow the colonial government. The most important action of the HRA was the Kakori robbery in 1925. The men held up the 8-Down train at Kakori and looted its official railway cash. The Government arrested a large number of young men and tried them in the Kakori Conspiracy Case. Ashfaqulla Khan, Ramprasad Bismil, Roshan Singh, and Rajendra Lahiri were hanged, four others were sent to the Andamans for life and seventeen others were sentenced to long terms of imprisonment. Hence pair 2 is correctly matched.

  • Lala Lajpat Rai died due to lathi blows received during a lathi- charge on an anti-Simon Commission procession. Later Bhagat Singh, Azad, and Rajguru dead Saunders, the police official responsible for the lathi charge in Lahore. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were tried in the Lahore conspiracy case. Hence pair 1 is correctly matched.
  • The rapid growth of communists and The Workers and Peasants Party (WPP) influence over the national movement in the 1920s was checked by the British by two developments. One was the severe repression to which Communists were subjected by the Government. Second, in 1924, the Government had tried to cripple the nascent communist movement by trying S.A. Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed, Nalini Gupta, and Shaukat Usmani in the Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case. All four were sentenced to four years of imprisonment. Hence pair 3 is not correctly matched.

S2.Ans.(b)

Sol.

The Press was the chief instrument for carrying out the task of arousing, training, mobilizing, and consolidating nationalist public opinion. Powerful newspapers emerged during these years under distinguished and fearless journalists.

  • These were the Hindu and Swadesamitran under the editorship of G. Subramaniya Iyer, Kesari, and Mahratta under B.G. Tilak, Bengalee under Surendranath Banerjea, Amrita Bazar Patrika under Sisir Kumar Ghosh and Motilal Ghosh, Sudharak under G.K. Gokhale, Indian Mirror under N.N. Sen, Voice of India under Dadabhai Naoroji, Hindustani and Advocate under G.P. Varma and Tribune and Akhbar-i-Am in Punjab, Indu Prakash, Dnyan Prakash, Kal and Gujarati in Bombay, and Som Prakash, Banganivasi, and Sadharani in Bengal.

 

S3.Ans.(c)

Sol.

The background to the Khilafat movement was provided by a series of events after the First World War. The Treaty of Sevres with Turkey, signed in May 1920, completely dismembered Turkey and sanctions imposed upon the Caliphate, who was considered as supreme leader of Muslims all over the world.

  • Indian Muslims were critical of the treatment meted out to Turkey (Ottoman Empire) under the Treaty of Sevres. Khilafat movement was launched to influence the British in its treatment of the Ottoman Empire post World War 1.
  • Mohammad Ali and his brother Maulana Shaukat Ali joined with other Muslim leaders to form the All India Khilafat Committee which called upon the British to protect the Caliphate and for Indian Muslims to unite and hold the British accountable for this purpose.
  • Khilfat Leaders and Indian national congress launched the Khilafat movement to influence Britishers in its treatment of the Ottoman Empire post World War 1 and pursue the goals of the Indian National movement as well. Hence option (c) is the correct answer.

 

S4.Ans.(a)

Sol.

Individual Satyagraha: In 1940, then Viceroy Linlithgow made a set of proposals called the ‘August offer’ which included that a representative Indian body would frame a constitution for India after the war and Dominion status is the objective for India. Indian National Congress rejected this offer in its meeting at Wardha in August 1940 and demanded complete freedom from colonial rule. Jawaharlal Nehru remarked that the dominion status concept was as dead as a doornail. After this, Mahatma Gandhi initiated the Individual Satyagraha to affirm the right to free speech. He avoided a mass satyagraha because he did not want violence.

Acharya Vinoba Bhave, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, and Brahma Dutt were the first, second, and third the selected Satyagarhi respectively. Hence option (a) is correct. Till 15 May 1941, 25000 satyagrahis had been jailed.

 

S5.Ans.(d)

Sol.

Gandhi Ji’s initiative of Individual Satyagraha had a dual purpose – while giving expression to the Indian people’s strong political feeling, it gave the British government further opportunity to peacefully accept the Indian demands. Gandhiji and the Congress were, because of their anti-Nazi feelings, still reluctant to take advantage of the British predicament and embarrass her war effort by a mass upheaval in India. More importantly, Gandhiji was beginning to prepare the people for the coming struggle. The Congress organization was being put back in shape; opportunist elements were being discovered and pushed out of the organization; and above all the people were being politically aroused, educated, and mobilized.

The aims/methodology of Individual Satyagrahis were:

  • To show that nationalist patience was not due to weakness.
  • To express people’s feelings that they were not interested in the war and that they made no distinction between Nazism and the double autocracy that ruled India.
  • To give another opportunity to the Government to accept Congress’s demands peacefully.
  • The demand of the Satyagrahi was using Freedom of Speech against the war through an anti-war declaration. If the government did not arrest the Satyagrahi, he or she will move repeating it in villages and start march towards Delhi (“Delhi Chalo Movement”). The centerpiece of Individual Satyagraha was non-violence which could be achieved only by selecting the Satyagrahis.

 

S6.Ans.(c)

Sol.

Under the Gandhi-Irwin pact, Mahatma Gandhi on behalf of Congress agreed to participate in the Second Round Table Conference on the constitutional question. The Second Round Table Conference was held in London from September 7, 1931, to December 1, 1931. The Indian National Congress nominated Gandhi as its sole representative.

The All India Students’ Federation (AISF) is the oldest student organization in India. It was founded on 12 August 1936 in Lucknow. The foundation of the conference was one of the other major achievements of the Left.

Jawaharlal Nehru was nominated the president for the Lahore session of the Congress (December 1929) mainly due to Gandhi’s backing. In the session, January 26, 1930, was fixed as the first Independence (Swarajya) Day, to be celebrated everywhere. On this day, Public meetings were organized all over the country in villages and towns and the independence pledge was read out in local languages and the national flag was hoisted.

 

S7.Ans.(a)

Sol.

In the 1930s, in the Malabar region of Kerala, a powerful peasant movement developed as the result of the efforts mainly of Congress Socialist Party activists. They toured villages and set up Karshak Sanghams (peasant associations). Hence option (a) is the correct answer.

 

S8.Ans.(c)

Sol.

Ryotwari System

  • The system was first introduced in Tamil Nadu and later extended to Maharashtra, Berar, East Punjab, Coorg, and Assam. The system was introduced by Sir Thomas Munro in 1820.
  • In this system, the responsibility of paying the rent lied with the individual cultivator called “Ryot”. There existed no intermediaries between the government and the individual cultivator. Under the Ryotwari system, the land revenue was paid by the farmers directly to the state. Hence only option (c) is not correct.
  • The settlement under the Ryotwari system was not made permanent. It was revised periodically after 20-30 years when the revenue demand was usually raised, which was not like in the case of Permanent Settlement in Bengal.
  • In this system, the peasants or cultivators were regarded as the owners of the land. They had ownership rights, could sell, mortgage, or gift the land. The taxes were directly collected by the government from the peasants.

 

S9.Ans.(a)

Sol.

In 1928, Jawaharlal Nehru joined hands with Subhas Chandra Bose and Srinivasa Iyengar to organize the Independence for India League to fight for complete independence, ‘a socialist revision of the economic structure of society and became its general secretary. Srinivas Iyengar was the first President.

 

S10.Ans.(c)

Sol.

In 1608 EIC decided to open a factory at Surat on the West coast of India and sent Captain Hawkins to Jahangir‟s Court to obtain Royal favors. In 1613, Jahangir issued a Farman permitting English to establish a factory permanently at Surat. Therefore, EIC first factory was set up in Surat. Hence, option (c) is not correct.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Daily Quiz in Bengali | History For WBCS And UPSC 18 May 2021_2.1