With which of the following Government of India Acts did the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms introduce Dyarchy in the provinces?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Government of India Act, 1919.
• The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, introduced by Edwin Montagu, the Secretary of State for India, and Lord Chelmsford, the Viceroy, were implemented through the Government of India Act, 1919.
• These reforms introduced the system of Dyarchy in the provinces, which divided the subjects of provincial governments into two categories: transferred and reserved.
• The transferred subjects were administered by Indian ministers responsible to the legislative councils, while the reserved subjects remained under the control of the Governor and his executive council.
• Dyarchy aimed to gradually introduce self-governing institutions in India and prepare Indians for greater self-governance.
Information Booster:
• Government of India Act, 1945: No significant reforms related to Dyarchy; this period was close to Indian independence.
• Government of India Act, 1935: Introduced provincial autonomy and the concept of a federal structure but did not introduce Dyarchy.
• Government of India Act, 1923: No significant legislation named as such; reforms related to Dyarchy were not associated with this year.