Correct option is A
Statement 1 is correct.
Urbanization tends to lead to a reduction in birth rates due to several factors, including increased access to education and employment opportunities, better healthcare, and the higher cost of living in urban areas. These factors contribute to delayed marriages and family planning, which, in turn, lower the birth rate.
Statement 2 is correct.
There is a strong correlation between higher literacy rates, especially among women, and lower birth rates. Educated individuals are more likely to be aware of and use family planning methods, leading to smaller family sizes and a lower birth rate.
