Correct option is A
The quote, “The Directive Principles of the State Policy are the only pious aspirations of the noble souls,” was made by Ivor Jennings, a British constitutional expert. He criticized the Directive Principles as being too idealistic and non-enforceable, referring to them as moral and aspirational rather than providing concrete enforceable rights. The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), enshrined in Part IV of the Indian Constitution, serve as guidelines for the government to create laws aimed at ensuring social and economic welfare. However, they are non-justiciable, meaning that they cannot be enforced by the courts.
Other thinkers have had differing views on the importance of the DPSPs. For example, Granville Austin has regarded the Directive Principles as key to achieving the socio-economic goals of the Constitution, aligning with its core philosophy. But Jennings saw them as a collection of lofty ideals without legal enforcement. Therefore, the correct answer is (a) Ivor Jennings.
