Who has the power to proclaim the state of emergency in India?

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) President.

· In India, the President has the constitutional power to proclaim a state of emergency under Article 352 of the Indian Constitution. However, the President can only declare an emergency based on the written recommendation of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
There are three types of emergencies in India:
1. National Emergency (Article 352) due to war, external aggression, or armed rebellion.
2. State Emergency or President's Rule (Article 356) due to the failure of constitutional machinery in a state.
3. Financial Emergency (Article 360) due to a threat to the financial stability of the country.