Who gave the formula of I.Q. written below?
Intelligence Quotient = (Mental age) / (Chronological age) × 100

Correct option is A

The correct answer is: A) William Stern
Explanation:
One of the most widely used measures of an individual's intelligence is the Intelligence Quotient, or IQ. The concept of IQ was introduced by William Stern in 1912, who formulated it as the ratio of an individual's mental age (MA) to their chronological age (CA), multiplied by 100. This relationship is expressed by the following formula:
IQ=(Mental Age/Chronological Age)×100
Additional Information:
William Stern (1912):
Stern originally formulated the IQ concept as the ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100. He introduced this as a theoretical formula to quantify intelligence.
Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon:
Developed the first practical intelligence test to identify children needing educational support but did not create the IQ formula.
Lewis Terman:
An American psychologist who adapted and standardized Binet and Simon’s test at Stanford University, creating the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale.
Terman popularized and widely applied Stern’s IQ formula in the U.S. and helped establish IQ testing as a diagnostic and educational tool.