Who defined ‘hamartia’ as ‘tragic flaw’?

Correct option is A

Aristotle defined hamartia as "tragic flaw" in his book Poetics. He argued that a tragic hero is not a villain, but rather a good person who makes a mistake. This mistake is what leads to their downfall. Aristotle believed that hamartia is essential to tragedy because it evokes pity and fear in the audience. When we see a tragic hero who is good but flawed, we can identify with them and fear that we could make the same mistakes. This fear can lead to catharsis, or a cleansing of our emotions.
Some examples of hamartia in tragedy include:
 Oedipus's pride leads him to unknowingly kill his father and marry his mother.
 Hamlet's indecisiveness leads to the deaths of many people, including himself.
 Macbeth's ambition leads him to commit murder and seize the throne, but he eventually loses everything and is killed.
Hamartia is a complex concept, but it is essential to understanding Aristotle's theory of tragedy. It helps us to understand why tragic heroes are so compelling and why their stories continue to resonate with us today.