Which of the following Greek philosophers is responsible for developing a philosophical doctrine called ‘Hylomorphism’ in his treatise titled Metaphysics?

Correct option is B

Explanation:

The doctrine of Hylomorphism was developed by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in his treatise Metaphysics. The term "hylomorphism" comes from the Greek words hyle (matter) and morphē (form). According to Aristotle, all physical objects in the world are composed of two fundamental principles: matter (the substance or material that makes up the object) and form (the essence or structure that defines the object's properties). This duality suggests that nothing in the physical world is purely matter or purely form but is a combination of both.

Aristotle's Metaphysics explores the nature of reality, and Hylomorphism became a central aspect of his philosophy of substance and change.

Information Booster:

-  Hylomorphism: The philosophical view that everything in the physical world consists of both matter and form.

-  This doctrine was crucial in Aristotle’s ontology and metaphysics, significantly influencing later philosophical thought.

-  Matter is what an object is made of, and form is the pattern or blueprint that shapes it.

-  Aristotle used Hylomorphism to explain how change occurs in the physical world and the relationship between objects and their properties.

-  Unlike Plato, who believed in ideal forms existing independently of physical matter, Aristotle proposed that form and matter are inseparable in the physical world.

-  Hylomorphism influenced later thinkers, including those in the medieval scholastic tradition and modern philosophy of substance.

-  Metaphysics, for Aristotle, was the study of nature and ourselves. In this sense he brings metaphysics to this world of sense experience–where we live, learn, know, think, and speak.

• Metaphysics is the study of being qua being, which is, first, the study of the different ways the word “be” can be used.
  
• The primary type of being is the “what,” which indicates the substance of the thing.
  
• All other things are said to be because they are quantities or qualities of that substance. These are secondary.
  
  

Additional Knowledge:

"Thales" → Thales was one of the pre-Socratic philosophers and focused on the idea that water was the fundamental principle of all things.

"Socrates" → Socrates focused on ethics, dialectical reasoning, and the concept of virtue.

"Plato" → Plato discussed forms extensively, his theory of forms differs significantly from Aristotle's Hylomorphism, as Plato’s forms were separate from material objects.