Which theory sees successful aging as a process of gradual withdrawal from the physical, psychological, and social worlds?

Correct option is D

Disengagement theory was proposed by Elaine Cumming and William Henry (1961) as part of their study on aging. The theory suggests that aging individuals gradually withdraw from social, physical, and psychological engagement, which is considered a natural and acceptable process.

Information Booster:

Theories of Successful Aging:
1.Activity Theory:
-Suggests that staying active and engaged in life is key to successful aging.
-Active participation in social, physical, and mental activities leads to better well-being.
-Example: Continuing to work, volunteer, or maintain social relationships.
2.Continuity Theory:
-Argues that older adults maintain a sense of identity and continuity by keeping the same habits, activities, and relationships they had earlier in life.
-Example: Continuing hobbies or routines established earlier in life.
3.Socioemotional Selectivity Theory:
-Suggests that as people age, they become more selective about their social interactions.
-Focus on close, emotionally rewarding relationships, reducing interactions with less meaningful ones.
-Example: Spending more time with loved ones and fewer acquaintances.